Linear Momentum
Linear Momentum
The concept of linear momentum
is closely tied to the concept of force—in fact,
Newton first defined his Second Law not in terms of mass and acceleration, but
in terms of momentum. Like energy, linear momentum is a conserved quantity in
closed systems, making it a very handy tool for solving problems in mechanics.
On the whole, it is useful to analyze systems in terms of energy when there is
an exchange of potential energy and kinetic energy. Linear momentum, however, is
useful in those cases where there is no clear measure for potential energy. In
particular, we will use the law of conservation of momentum to determine
the outcome of collisions between two bodies.