Charlatan is another term for a quack or pretender to medical knowledge.

The second part of the sentence explains or amplifies the part before the semicolon. Since his recordings range widely, his tastes could be described as wide-ranging, or eclectic.
(eclectic = taking things from diverse sources; antediluvian = old fashioned; sonorous = full of sound)

The part after the semicolon expands upon the first part of the sentence.
So, since the first part tells us that there is no money in archaeology, then there will only be small (paltry) amounts for excavating. Also ‘even more’ indicates that another similar word is required. Thus, meager also means small.
(miniscule = tiny; augmented = increased; judicious = wise, just; penurious = poor)

>Here is the task is to determine the communal reaction to crime. The writer maintains that the criminal justice system of punishments allows the community to purge itself of its anger, its sense of outrage at the criminal's acts. Thus, it provides a catharsis or purgation for the community.
Remember in double blank sentences, go through the answers, testing the first word in each choice and eliminating those that do not fit. In this case you can readily eliminate.
Choices B and D: it is unlikely that an essential purpose of the criminal justice system would be the provision of either a disclaimer (denial or disavowal, as in disavowing responsibility for a legal claim) or a document.

‘as ever’ indicates that things have not changed, so the two halves of the sentence need to say similar things.
So, if the revolution has not lost its steam, it will be going on as strongly as before. Therefore rages is the best word.
Also the word ‘fiercely’ indicates that we need a strong word.
(trudges = walks as though tired; meanders = wanders; ambles = walks aimlessly