(B) An ethic is an important personal value, while a nicety is a minor one – a fine point that most people are willing to overlook from time to time. Similarly, morality refers to one’s major beliefs, while a scruple is a small moral concern.
Whim: a sudden fancy; idle and passing notion; capricious idea or desire
Scruple: a very small quantity, amount, or part
Creed: a brief statement of religious belief; confession of faith
Dogma: a positive, arrogant assertion of opinion
Misgiving: a disturbed feeling of fear, doubt, apprehension, etc.

(D) To recruit a soldier is to convince someone to sign up for military service. Similarly, to enroll a member is to convince someone to join a club, a school, or some other organization.
RECRUIT: to raise or strengthen (an army, navy, etc.) by enlisting personnel
Committee: a group of people organized to support some cause
Enroll: to make a final fair copy of (a bill passed by a legislature)
Deploy: to spread out or place like military troops
Troop: a group of persons, animals, or, formerly, things; herd, flock, band, etc.

(B) To be euphoric is to feel extremely glad; to be miserable is to feel extremely unhappy.
Mournful: of or characterized by mourning; feeling or expressing grief or sorrow
Joyous: full of joy; happy; gay; glad
Downcast: very unhappy or discouraged; sad; dejected
Gratified: to give pleasure or satisfaction

(E) A vindictive (that is vengeful) person is unwilling to forgive – instead, she seeks revenge. Likewise, an unyielding person is unwilling to compromise – instead, she insists upon having her own way.
VINDICTIVE: revengeful in spirit; inclined to seek vengeance
embrace: to clasp in the arms, usually as an expression of affection or desire; hug
Scornful: filled with or showing scorn or contempt
revile: contemptuous language in speaking to or about; call bad names
Eager: feeling or showing keen desire; impatient or anxious to do or get; ardent
Insatiable: constantly wanting more; that cannot be satisfied or appeased; very greedy

(E) A poacher is someone who illegally catches someone else’s game (that is, wild animals) for his own use. A plagiarist is someone who illegally steals someone else’s text (that is, writing) and passes it off as his own.
Burglar: a person who commits burglary