Science and Technology MCQ Set 38
Showing question 186 to 190 of total 301 MCQs
MCQ Set: 38
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Question No: 186
Scientists from which country developed the world's sharpest laser?
- US
- Spain
- France
- Germany
Answer and Explanation
Answer: D
Explanation
Scientists from Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Germany have developed the world’s sharpest laser with record - breaking precision.
This precision can be useful for various applications such as optical atomic clocks, radioastronomy, precision spectroscopy, testing the theory of relativity and carry out new precision measurements on ultracold atoms.
The laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.
Major difference between laser and other sources of light is that, laser emits light coherently.
Laser light is used in numerous applications in industry, medicine and information technologies.
It also brought about a real revolution in fields of research and in metrology, astronomy, and medical treatment.
Theoretically, laser light has only one colour, wavelength or frequency.
In reality, however, there is always a certain linewidth.
This newly developed laser has linewidth of only 10 miliHertz (0.01 Hz), - closer to the ideal laser than ever before.
Researchers also have found out that the emitted laser light’s frequency was more precise than what had ever been achieved before.
Question No: 187
Which institute has launched a web app for free legal service to prisoners?
- NALSAR
- NALSA
- Amity Law University
- NLSU
Answer and Explanation
Answer: B
Explanation
NALSA has launched a web application for free Legal Services to Prisoners at the conference held at Indian Law Institute, New Delhi.
The Conference saw the participation of Member Secretaries and administrative officers of 18 State Legal Services Authorities.
The Legal Services Management System has been developed by the National Informatics Centre (NIC).
The State Legal Services Authorities and District Legal Services Authorities will feed into the web application the data for each individual prison inmate in the jails within their jurisdiction.
The feeds will have details regarding the representation of prisoners through a counsel in the court.
The software will also help in generating reports showing the total number of inmates, the number of inmates unrepresented, the number of inmates represented by legal services lawyers and the number of inmates represented by private lawyers.
All this information can be generated State wise, District wise and also with respect to each jail.
The software is also capable of generating information with regard to prisoners eligible for bail under Section 436-A Cr. P.C.
Importance of the App
The web application will help in making the legal services system more transparent.
It would be useful for all the concerned authorities to monitor the grant of legal aid to the prisoners to make sure that all prisoners are represented right from their first day in the court.
NALSA: Know More
NALSA provides for free legal aid inter-alia to all persons in custody.
It has been constituted under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.
It provides services of free legal aid in civil and criminal matters for the poor and marginalised people who cannot afford the services of a lawyer in any court or tribunal.
Its aim is to ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen by reasons of economic or other disabilities.
NALSA also identifies specific categories of marginalised and excluded groups and formulates various schemes for implementation of legal service programmes.
It also organises Lok Adalats for amicable settlement of disputes.
Question No: 188
Which is China's most powerful Naval destroyer?
- Type 044
- Type 066
- Type 088
- None of the above
Answer and Explanation
Answer: D
Explanation
China has launched its most powerful naval destroyer, the Type 055, at the Shanghai port.
The naval destroyer is one among the largest warships in the world.
The Type055 vessels will weigh more than 12,000 tonnes when fully armed.
The Type055 vessels are larger and more powerful than India’s latest Project- 15B “Visakhapatnam” class destroyers.
India is yet to commission Project- 15B “Visakhapatnam” class destroyers. India’s destroyers when fully armed will displace only 8,200 tonnes and are capable of carrying only a mix of nearly 50 surface-to-air, anti-ship and land attack missiles.
On the other hand, the Type055 vessels will combine nearly 120 missiles, making it one of the most heavily-armed ships in the world.
Chinese vessels are fitted with powerful phased array radars that are capable of focusing on targets at sea, on land and in the air.
The vessel is more modern and has more sophisticated control and battle management system. Chinese vessels are fitted with powerful phased array radars that are capable of focusing on targets at sea, on land and in the air.
The vessel is more modern and has more sophisticated control and battle management system than India’s vessels under construction.
In the last five years, China has launched several naval vessels. From March 2014, China has commissioned five Type 52D destroyers which have similar capability to that of India’s Visakhapatnam’ class warships. In addition, China has planned to build a fleet of at least 18 such naval ships.
India, on the other hand, has planned to build only seven ships belonging to the Vishakhapatnam class. Earlier this year,
China's naval technology: Know More
China had also launched its first indigenous aircraft carrier whose construction began only in 2013. India’s indigenous aircraft carrier, the Vikrant whose construction is carried out since 2009 is unlikely to be completed before 2023.
Growing Chinese naval prowess is a cause of worry to India.
In the last five years, China has increasingly begun to deploy its nuclear submarines, warships and other support vessels in the Indian Ocean.
India’s important maritime ally, the United States has also expressed its deep concerns about the expansion of the Chinese Navy, particularly in the Indian Ocean.
Question No: 189
India has launched its latest GSAT communication satellite called ________.
- GSAT 17
- GSAT 18
- INSAT 18
- INSAT 17
Answer and Explanation
Answer: A
Explanation
India's latest communication satellite, GSAT-17 was inducted into the INSAT/GSAT system on June 29, 2017 from Kourou, French Guiana by Ariane-5 VA-238.
Weighing 3477 kg at lift-off, GSAT-17 carries Payloads in Normal C-band, Extended C-band and S-band to provide various communication services. GSAT-17 also carries equipment for metereological data relay and satellite based search and rescue services being provided by earlier INSAT satellites.
GSAT-17 is designed to provide continuity of services on operational satellites in C-band, Extended C-band and S-bands.
GSAT-17 was launched into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) by Ariane-5 VA-238 launch vehicle.
After its injection into GTO, ISRO's Master Control Facility (MCF) at Hassan takes control of GSAT-17 and performs the initial orbit raising manouvers using the Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM) of the satellite, placing it in circular Geostationary Orbit.
The designed in-orbit operational life of GSAT-17 is about 15 years. It was the 21st satellite that Arianespace launched for Isro since 1981
Besides GSAT-17, Ariance-5 also put into space Hellas Sat 3-Inmarsat SEAN
India added GSAT-17 to its existing fleet of 17 communication satellites with French rocket Ariane-5 successfully launching the 3,477-kg satellite from French Guiana.
The satellite has been inducted into the Indian National Satellite (INSAT)/GSAT system. It carried payloads in the normal C, extended C and S bands, providing various communication services.
GSAT-17 also had equipment for meteorological data relay and satellite-based search and rescue services being provided by earlier INSAT satellites.
Since the launch of the experimental Apple satellite in 1981, Arianespace have bagged 87% of the geostationary orbit launch contracts that India has opened to non-Indian launch systems.
Besides GSAT-17, Ariance-5 also put into space Hellas Sat 3-Inmarsat S EAN, a "condosat" for Inmarsat and Hellas Sat.
The Hellas Sat 3 payload, the second Hellas Sat satellite, will deliver DTH (direct-to-home) and telecom services maintaining and expanding Hellas Sat business reach.
Hellas Sat (member of the Arabsat Group) is a premium satellite operator, offering services in Europe, the Middle East and South Africa from the orbital position of 39 East, Arianespace said.
GSAT 17: Know More
Launch Mass: 3477 kg
Mission Life: 15 years
Ariane-5 VA-238
Type of Satellite: Communication
Manufacturer: ISRO
Owner: ISRO
Application: Communication
Orbit Type: GTO
Question No: 190
What is China's first self developed next-generation bullet train called?
- Fuxing
- Huxing
- Chuxing
- Luxing
Answer and Explanation
Answer: A
Explanation
China launched its first self-developed ‘next-generation’ bullet train Fuxing with a maximum speed of 400 kmh on 26 June 2017.
The train was launched on one of the country’s busiest lines -Beijing-Shanghai line.
With the launch, Beijing aims to capture global high-speed rail market.
The first run happened simultaneously from two stations-Beijing and Shanghai. While a CR400AF model train was flagged off from Beijing South Railway Station towards Shanghai, a CR400BF model left Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station for Beijing.
The model train on the way to Shanghai took about five hours and 45 minutes to reach its destination.
On the way, the train stopped at 10 stations, including Jinan, Shandong province and Tianjin.
The Beijing-Shanghai line sees a footfall of around 50 5000 passengers daily.
Also, China has the world’s longest railway network with 22,000 kilometres by the end of last year, about 60 percent of the world’s total.
The new bullet trains, also known as electric multiple units (EMU), boast a top speed of 400 kilometres per hour and a consistent speed of 350 kilometres an hour.
Fuxing: Know More
The train was self-designed and manufactured by China.
It includes a sophisticated monitoring system that constantly checks its performance and automatically slows the train in case of emergencies or abnormal conditions.
The train is also fitted in with a remote data-transmission system, a control centre that will be able to monitor the train in real time.
‘Fuxing’, underpins the unique role that high-speed railway has played in China’s economic and social development.