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Lesson: Intermediate Problem Solving - 05t03

Estimating — Ratios

[Page 5 of 27]

Ratio problems also may allow you to establish a logical range for the correct answer and then eliminate choices outside of that range. Let's see how we would apply our estimation strategy to a ratio question.


Three donors made contributions to a certain charity in a ratio of 1 to 2 to 5. If they donated a combined total of $154, how many dollars did the donor who contributed the greatest amount give to the charity?

105
95
76
40
19
For the question above, use the values given in the stem to estimate your way to the correct answer. Fill in the Text Box below with your answer based on our new ratio, and then click Continue.

If the contributors gave equal amounts to the charity (a ratio of 1 to 1 to 1), each contributor donated approximately dollars.

 

Now, for each answer choice below, decide if it should eliminated or if it should be kept as a possible correct answer, based on how it compares to our approximation. Click Continue when you're done.
 
Eliminate
Keep
 
Choice (A): 105
 
Choice (B):  95
 
Choice (C):
 
Choice (D):
 
Choice (E):
 

Choices (D) and (E) are less than $50; we know the contributor who donated the most money must have given more than this amount. Both of these choices may be eliminated. You may also have noticed that Choice (C), 76, is equal to half of the total pool of money collected. Our ratio of 1 to 2 to 5, however, is skewed to the largest contributor; '5' is considerably greater than the other ratio parts of 1, 2 or even 3 (1 and 2 combined). This means that the greatest contributor gave even more than half of the pool. Choice (C) may also be eliminated. Thus, we'd have been able to guess between 2 choices instead of 5, just based on our elimination strategy.

If we were to use the traditional approach to ratio problems, we would have found Choice (B), 95, to be correct.

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