Analytical Reasoning MCQ Set 15

Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

• Let us arrange the letters in two separate categories. The first category will be for age—older and younger. The second category will be for height—taller and shorter. We represent older with the mathematical “greater than” sign > . We represent taller with a double mathematical “greater than” sign > >. From the first statement (L is older than M and taller than N), we get this representation:
• L > M and L > > N
• The second statement (O is younger than P, older than N and shorter than Q) translates mathematically as
• P > O > N and Q > > O
• The third statement (R is older than S, younger than N, shorter than S, and taller than Q) gives us
• N > R > S and S > > R > > Q
• The fourth statement (S is older than L and shorter than N) gives us
• S > L and N > > S
• Thus consolidating, we have
• L > M ---------------------------- L > > N
• P > O > N------------------------- Q > > O
• N > R > S ------------------------ S > > R > > Q
• S > L ---------------------------- N > > S
• Again with the mathematical inequality sign we can further consolidate the above in two separate inequality statements:
• P > O > N > R > S > L > M
• and
• L > > N > > S > > R > > Q > > O
• Now we can proceed to answer questions 5-8 with reference to the mathematical representation above.

(Note that the correct choice must be a false choice. We see that the only choices that deal with younger-older people are Choices C and E. Choice C is a true statement, so it is incorrect. Now let us go to the shorter-taller choices—that is, Choices A, B and D. Choice A is a true statement, so it is an incorrect choice. Choice B is a true statement, so it is an incorrect choice. Choice D is a true statement, so it is an incorrect choice. As for Choice E, we cannot determine whether Q is the third oldest of the group because Q

Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

The strategy here is to make a table based on the four restrictive Statements. We shall use the letter X if the student takes the course and a zero if the student does not take the course. We shall use C for Civic, L for Logic, P for Poetry, F for French, I for Islamiyat and La for Law

• Now, the restrictive Statements indicate the following:
• a) Students cannot take Logic and Law together
• b) Students must take either Civic or Poetry but not both
• c) Students must take four courses

We shall now take note of the above guidelines in preparing the final

• Now we see that the possible combinations are
• C,L,F,I or C,F,I, La or L,P,F,I or P,F,I, La
• We can now proceed to answer with reference to the final Possible Combinations.

From the statement above, we can see that for combination 1 and 2, “Islamiyat” is marked with an X. Therefore Choice B is correct

Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

The strategy here is to make a table based on the four restrictive Statements. We shall use the letter X if the student takes the course and a zero if the student does not take the course. We shall use C for Civic, L for Logic, P for Poetry, F for French, I for Islamiyat and La for Law

• Now, the restrictive Statements indicate the following:
• a) Students cannot take Logic and Law together
• b) Students must take either Civic or Poetry but not both
• c) Students must take four courses

We shall now take note of the above guidelines in preparing the final

• Now we see that the possible combinations are
• C,L,F,I or C,F,I, La or L,P,F,I or P,F,I, La
• We can now proceed to answer with reference to the final Possible Combinations.

The above statements describes four different combinations. Accordingly, Choice C is correct.

Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

The strategy here is to make a table based on the four restrictive Statements. We shall use the letter X if the student takes the course and a zero if the student does not take the course. We shall use C for Civic, L for Logic, P for Poetry, F for French, I for Islamiyat and La for Law

• Now, the restrictive Statements indicate the following:
• a) Students cannot take Logic and Law together
• b) Students must take either Civic or Poetry but not both
• c) Students must take four courses

We shall now take note of the above guidelines in preparing the final

• Now we see that the possible combinations are
• C,L,F,I or C,F,I, La or L,P,F,I or P,F,I, La
• We can now proceed to answer with reference to the final Possible Combinations.

We see from the Statement that “French” and “Islamiyat” are in all combinations. Therefore Choice D is correct.

Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Let us endeavor to write the letters representing the racers in order of finish—first place being the first letter on the left. Let a star represent an unknown number of racers.

• For example, * S *
• Let a lower line represent one unknown racer.
• For example,---S---

Now let us proceed to get the correct order of finish by referring to the information listed under outcomes Outcome 1 tells us that S cannot be in first place.

• Therefore, * S *
• Outcome 2 says either: U ---- ----V or V ---- ----U
• Outcome 3 says both: U * R and V * R
• Outcome 4 yields: S----V

Now consider again outcomes 1,2,3,4 collectively and then proceed step-by-step

• Step 1: * S *
• Step 2 : U ---- ----V or V ---- ----U
• Step 3: U ---- ----V * R or V ---- ----U *R
• Step 4: WUS ---- VR
• Step 5: WUSTVR which is the complete order of finish

Racer V places fifth

Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

Let us endeavor to write the letters representing the racers in order of finish—first place being the first letter on the left. Let a star represent an unknown number of racers.

• For example, * S *
• Let a lower line represent one unknown racer.
• For example,---S---

Now let us proceed to get the correct order of finish by referring to the information listed under outcomes Outcome 1 tells us that S cannot be in first place.

• Therefore, * S *
• Outcome 2 says either: U ---- ----V or V ---- ----U
• Outcome 3 says both: U * R and V * R
• Outcome 4 yields: S----V

Now consider again outcomes 1,2,3,4 collectively and then proceed step-by-step

• Step 1: * S *
• Step 2 : U ---- ----V or V ---- ----U
• Step 3: U ---- ----V * R or V ---- ----U *R
• Step 4: WUS ---- VR
• Step 5: WUSTVR which is the complete order of finish

Four racers ---- U, S, T, and V ----separate R and W