All straight lines on two-dimensional coordinate planes can be
expressed by the equation y = mx + b, where m is
the slope, b is the point at which the line intercepts the y-axis,
and x and y are the x and y-coordinates.
The slope and the y-intercept are constants. They define
the line. For every point on the line, there is one set of x
and y-coordinates.
If we know the location of two points on the line, we can find
the equation for the line.
The dotted green line on the coordinate plane above has a slope
of 
.
The line crosses the y-axis when it has an x-value
of 0, so its y-intercept is at –5. Therefore, the
equation of the line is 
.
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